Nematodes: Characteristics and Classification

The nematodes are also known as roundworms. They belong to the phylum Nematoda. They are a diverse group of animal organisms found in a broad range of environment. Some are free living in soil, marine and freshwater; some make parasitic life in animals and plants body. General Characteristics of Nematodes They are unsegmented worms. They … Read more

Skeletal System of Labeo rohita

Labeo rohita (Rohu Fish) is a Actinopterygian fish (=Osteichthyes)  which belongs to the family Cyprinidae under order Cypriniformes. It is a popular sports and food fish due to its high commercial value. The epidermis is located on the outside of the skin of the Rohu fish and the dermis is located on the inside. The … Read more

Enterobius vermicularis: Morphology, Life Cycle and Pathogenesis

Enterobius vermicularis is commonly known as threadworm and pinworm. It is found all over the world. Infection of Enterobius vermicularis in human is known as enterobiasis. It is worldwide in distribution. Particularly, it is common in children.  Generally, the mature females live in the vermiform appendix and caecum. Systematic Position Phylum: Nematoda Class: Chromadorea Order: … Read more

Mineral Requirements of Fish

Minerals are a type of basic elements. Mineral elements are the inorganic elements that are required for the management and maintenance of important physiological processes in the organism. Some important minerals are  Calcium, Phosphorus, Sodium, Sulfur etc. Minerals act as biological catalysts for enzymes, hormones and protein in the body. About 23 types of inorganic … Read more

Epithelium: Definition, Characteristics, Types and Functions

The animal body consists of the some elementary tissues.  The tissue which forms a limiting and lining membrane (epithelial membrane) and covers the free surface of an organ is known as epithelial tissue or epithelium. Characteristics of Epithelium Classification of Epithelium According to the functions, the epithelial tissues are mainly classified into the following two … Read more

Bolivian Butterfly Cichlid: Housing, Feeding and Sexing

The Bolivian butterfly cichlid is a very attractive aquarium fish among the freshwater pet fish keepers. It is also known as Bolivian Ram, Ruby Crown Cichlid, Hifin cichlid etc. It belongs to the family Cichlidae under order Perciformes of class Actinopterygii. In nature, it is found in Bolivia and Brazil. It prefers to live in … Read more