Blood Circulatory System of Fishes

Introduction The system through which blood circulates in different organs and parts of the body is called Blood Circulatory System. The presence of well-developed circulatory system can be observed in almost all animals with few exceptions. Fish have a closed type of blood circulatory system. Food, oxygen and waste products are transported from one part … Read more

Weberian Apparatus

The skeletal chain formed by the four ossicles connecting the anterior chamber of the perilymphatic sac and the swimbladder, known as the Weberian apparatus. Scientist Weber discovered them in 1820, hence the name Weberian Apparatus. The bones are the tripus, the claustrum, the intercalarium, and the scaphium. Of these, the tripus, intercalarium, and scaphium are … Read more

Giardia duodenalis: Morphology, Life Cycle, Pathogenesis

Giardia duodenalis (Giardia intestinalis/ Giardia lamblia) is a flagellated parasitic microorganism. It is the only pathogenic protozoan found in the duodenum and jejunum of humans. It is the cause of disease, known as giardiasis which is actually infection of the small intestine. It is found throughout the world. Giardiasis is the most common water-borne, parasitic … Read more

Nematodes: Characteristics and Classification

The nematodes are also known as roundworms. They belong to the phylum Nematoda. They are a diverse group of animal organisms found in a broad range of environment. Some are free living in soil, marine and freshwater; some make parasitic life in animals and plants body. General Characteristics of Nematodes They are unsegmented worms. They … Read more

Skeletal System of Labeo rohita

Labeo rohita (Rohu Fish) is a Actinopterygian fish (=Osteichthyes)  which belongs to the family Cyprinidae under order Cypriniformes. It is a popular sports and food fish due to its high commercial value. The epidermis is located on the outside of the skin of the Rohu fish and the dermis is located on the inside. The … Read more

Enterobius vermicularis: Morphology, Life Cycle and Pathogenesis

Enterobius vermicularis is commonly known as threadworm and pinworm. It is found all over the world. Infection of Enterobius vermicularis in human is known as enterobiasis. It is worldwide in distribution. Particularly, it is common in children.  Generally, the mature females live in the vermiform appendix and caecum. Systematic Position Phylum: Nematoda Class: Chromadorea Order: … Read more