Cilia and Flagella: Structure and Functions

image of Parts of flagellum

The hair-like extended portion of the cell surface bounded by the cell membrane and containing microtubules and responsible for cell motility are known as cilia and flagella. The cilia and flagella are widely distributed in both the animal and plant cells. Flagella (singular = flagellum) are complex filamentous, long, thread-like structures that extend from the … Read more

Mitosis: Definition, Stages of Mitosis and its Significance

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The old cells divide to produce new cells. In this case, a single old cell divides into two cells and these two new cells again divide to produce four cells and so on. Generally, this process is known as cell division where a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells. The capability of … Read more

Best Aquarium Water Test Kit: Review and Buying Guide-2023

To make your aquarium water healthy, you should install the Best Aquarium Water Test Kit. Aquarium water is a key component for keeping fish which should be maintained properly. Aquarium water contains lots of chemical substances such as O2, CO2, magnesium, ammonia, iodine, nitrates, nitrites and pH, hardness, alkalinity, etc. which should be kept appropriate … Read more

Sixspine Butterfly Fish: Parachaetodon ocellatus

Sixspine butterfly fish is a very attractive fish which is also known as Ocellated Coralfish, Eye-spot Butterflyfish, Six-spined Butterfly-fish or Six-spined Coralfish. It has compressed, sub-rhomboidal body with prominent snout. Anterior portions of soft dorsal and anal fins are the highest. Lateral line ceases the opposite of the posterior fourth of the dorsal fin.  Systematic … Read more

Anaerobic Respiration and Its Application

Anaerobic respiration is the process by which incomplete oxidation of respiratory substrate takes place. In this case, it occurs in the absence of oxygen resulting the end products of ethyl alcohol and CO2 in plants and lactic acid (in animals) with very slight energy.  Anaerobic respiration is observed in certain bacteria, yeast and other fungi, … Read more

Volvox : Characteristics, Structure, and Reproduction

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Volvox is a common freshwater free-floating chlorophytic green alga that belongs to Volvocaceae family under order Volvocales of division Chlorophyta. They occur in temporary and permanent freshwater tanks, ponds, pools, ditches, etc. There are some 20 freshwater species of Volvox which prefer to live in colonies with up to 60,000 cells by making a gelatinous … Read more