Osteichthyes is the largest class of superclasses Pisces under the subphylum Vertebrata (phylum: chordata). True bony fish belong to this category. They originated in the early Silurian period and in the middle of the Devonian period there was a massive adaptive dispersion between them. Among the vertebrates, the largest variety exists in bony fishes. Scientists … Read more
Lipids are high-energy nutrients that are used in fish farming as a partial alternative to protein. It provides almost twice as much energy as protein and carbohydrates. It is an important component of the diet because it is rich in fat-soluble vitamins and essential fatty acids. Lipids work with proteins as important components of the … Read more
Scales are small plate-shaped dermal or epidermal structures that are found in the outer skeletons of fish, reptiles, or some mammals. The skeletons of many vertebrates are covered by two types of scales, namely epidermal and dermal. Epidermal scales originate from the malpighian layer of the epidermis. Such scales are found in terrestrial vertebrates such … Read more
Cestodes or tapeworms are the members of the class Cestoda of the phylum Platyhelminthes. About 6000 species of cestodes are identified as parasites and they are mainly intestinal. They are both marine and terrestrial; vertebrates are the definitive hosts and their intermediate hosts are crustaceans, insects, annelids, mollusks, etc. The species T. saginata (beef tapeworm) … Read more
Productivity is the average rate of production of organic matter in a particular unit area at a given time, such as a day or a year. There are multiple factors in the natural system that can cause irregular changes in the rate of instantaneous rapid production. Therefore, in the case of normal research, only the … Read more
The guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata) is a beautiful and popular aquarium fish. It belongs to the family Poeciliidae under order Cyprinodontiformes of class Actinopterygii. It is native to Northeast South America, but now it is found all over the world. It prefers to live in smaller streams and pools. Systematic Position Phylum: Chordata Subphylum: Vertebrata … Read more