Mineral Requirements of Fish

Minerals are a type of basic elements. Mineral elements are the inorganic elements that are required for the management and maintenance of important physiological processes in the organism. Some important minerals are  Calcium, Phosphorus, Sodium, Sulfur etc. Minerals act as biological catalysts for enzymes, hormones and protein in the body. About 23 types of inorganic … Read more

Epithelium: Definition, Characteristics, Types and Functions

The animal body consists of the some elementary tissues.  The tissue which forms a limiting and lining membrane (epithelial membrane) and covers the free surface of an organ is known as epithelial tissue or epithelium. Characteristics of Epithelium Classification of Epithelium According to the functions, the epithelial tissues are mainly classified into the following two … Read more

Bolivian Butterfly Cichlid: Housing, Feeding and Sexing

The Bolivian butterfly cichlid is a very attractive aquarium fish among the freshwater pet fish keepers. It is also known as Bolivian Ram, Ruby Crown Cichlid, Hifin cichlid etc. It belongs to the family Cichlidae under order Perciformes of class Actinopterygii. In nature, it is found in Bolivia and Brazil. It prefers to live in … Read more

Tilapia: Reproduction and Economic Importance

Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) belongs to the family Cichlidae under order Perciformes of class Actinopterygii. The English names are Tilapia, Mozambique Cichlid, Mozambique Tilapia, Java Tilapia, Miracle Fish (Indonesia).  It is native to inland and coastal waters in southeastern Africa, from the Zambezi basin in Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia and Zimbabwe to Bushman river in the province … Read more

Best Bird Cage: Review and Buying Guide 2023

Birds belong to the class Aves under phylum Chordata. They are bipedal, feathered, and endothermic egg-laying animals. They are found worldwide, and their size ranges from 5 cm (bee humming bird) to 2.75 m (ostrich). Among the tetrapod classes, birds constitute the largest number of species. There are about 10,000 living modern bird species in … Read more

Lateral Line System of Fishes

A specialized organ or structure, such as the eye, ear, tongue, nose, or skin, in which a large number of sensory neurons are concentrated and which acts as a receptor component, is called a sensory organ. It is also called the recipient organ. Sensory organs receive physical or chemical stimuli from the environment. The dermal … Read more